The microspheres are a waste material arising in the process of combustion of hard coal. The product is made of spheres with a diameter of 10-800 microns, filled with gas, mostly CO2 and NO2. Sheaths of the spheres are 0.2-3 microns thick, what makes the microspheres have a great volume at a relatively low gravity. Material contains mainly:
silicon oxide (SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), magnesium oxide (MgO), iron trioxide (Fe2O3), potassium oxide (K2O), calcium oxide (CaO) and vestigial admixtures of other metals.
Chemical Composition
SiO2 57,9 ± 5,0%
AL2O3 35,8 ± 2,0%
Fe2O3 1,5 ± 0,3%
CaO 1,1 ± 0,2%
MgO 1,6 ± 0,2%
SO2/SO3 0,6 ± 0,3%
K2O + Na2O 1,2 ± 0,4%
TiO2 0,8 ± 0,3%
Cl 0,2 ± 0,1%
SEPPE Cenosphere is a lightweight, inert, hollow sphere filled with inert air or gas, typically produced as a byproduct of coal combustion at thermal power plants. The color of cenospheres varies from gray to almost white and their density is about 0.4-0.8 g/cm�³, which gives them a great buoyancy. Flows like a liquid, with the appearance of a powder. Provides lightweight bulk to a varied and expansive range of compounds. Cenospheres are hard and rigid, light, waterproof, innoxious, and insulative. This makes them highly useful in a variety of products, notably fillers.
Fly ash is a by-product produced while burning finely ground coal in a boiler to produce electricity. It is removed from the plant exhaust gases primarily by electrostatic precipitators or baghouses and secondarily by scrubber systems. Physically, fly ash is a very fine, powdery material, composed mostly of silica. Nearly all particles are spherical in shape. Fly ash is a pozzolan, a siliceous material which in the presence of water will react with calcium hydroxide at ordinary temperatures to produce cementitious compounds. SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and occasionally CaO are the main chemical components present in fly ashes.
Fly ash significantly improves concrete performance in different ways and also provides many benefits in cement and non-cement applications. Fly Ash colour can vary from grey and dark grey, yellowish tan and light to brownish.
ADVANTAGES OF FLY ASH IN CONCRETE
Fly Ash is a Pozzolan
Improves concrete workability and lowers water demand
Sulfate and Alkali Aggregate Resistancet
Rise in compressive strength over time
Environment friendly
CEMENTATION Fly Ash is optimized for its fineness while reducing the water demand and improving the chemical compositions to maximise its benefits when used in concrete. Fly-ash can also be used as an add-on to concrete mixture with pozzolanic and/or latent hydraulic properties.
We at CEMENTATION selectively collect fly ash and subject to rigorous testing, further refines these collected materials to produce quality fly ash products meeting the needs of our customers.
Fly ash, also known as flue-ash is a residue which is generated during combustion and consists of fine particles. There are impurities in coal which mostly consist of clays, limestone and dolomite particles. These turn up into ash as they cannot be completely burned.
Fly ash is useful in a number of ways and is one of the most researched upon mineral source. It is mainly a pozzolanic substance which contains aluminum and silicon material which in return due to the presence of water can take form of cement.
A lot of research and development initiative have been taken place across the globe to build and develop technologies that can utilize the full potential of fly ash. Royal Mineral takes care to ensure flawless production stages.
Fly ash is a by-product of coal burning at the utility plants. As coal is burned, non-combustible mineral impurities in coal evaporate andcondense into tiny particles of glass, almost totally spherical inshape. The individual particles are very small, like talcum powderand are carried up and out of the boiler in the flow of exhaust gasesleaving the boiler after the coal is consumed.
The fly ash particlesare removed from the exhaust stream in bag houses or electrostatic precipitators and then stored for later shipment
The difference between fly ash and Portland cement becomes apparentunder a microscope. Fly ash particles are almost totally spherical inshape allowing them to flow and blend freely in mixture. Thatcapability is one of the properties making fly ash adesirable admixture of concrete.
Fly Ash is a fine, powdery byproduct produced form burning pulverized coal in thermal power plants for producing electricity. It primarily consists of silica, alumina and iron oxide. Due to its pozzolanic properties. Fly ash is widely used in making concrete, blocks, bricks, and road base materials. It enhances workability, durability, and reduce water consumption. Using fly ash helps in waste management and reduces pollution.
Applications
Fly Ash used as a Pozzolana in Cement, Cement Mortar and Concrete and as an admixture in Mortar and Concrete/ as a part of cement replacement.
1) Cement Production
2) Ready Mix Concrete
3) Self- Compacting Concrete
4) Mass Concrete
5) Roller Compacted Concrete
6) Lightweight Concrete
Fly ash is a fine particulate residue generated during the combustion of pulverized coal in thermal power plants. Pulverisation involves grinding coal into a very fine powder to ensure more efficient and complete combustion.
When coal is burned, non-combustible minerals in the fuelâ??such as silica, alumina, and ironâ??melt and fuse into tiny glass-like particles. These particles are carried away with flue gases and are captured using electrostatic precipitators or bag filters, resulting in what is known as fly ash. The material is ideal for use in cement, concrete, AAC blocks, and other construction applications.
Coal Fly Ash
CFA could be used in huge quantities in two areas: ash dyke construction and low-lying region filling [26,27,28]. In several affluent countries, CFA has been utilized successfully as a structural filler.
Fly ash cenospheres glass crystalline hollow microspheres ranging in size from 20-50 to 400-500 microns micrometers produced in furnaces of thermal power plants using coal. Furthermore, we have contracts with several power plants and can supply about 4,000-5,000 tons of goods annually.
