Black cumin (Nigella sativa L., Family: Ranunculacae) is an annual plant native to Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean, mainly grown in arid and semi-arid areas including the Mediterranean, Middle East, central Europe and western Asia. Black cumin is very popular in traditional medicine and industrial pharmacology, as well as in cuisine and food products as a spice. It is now widely used in traditional medicine for asthma, bronchitis, rheumatism head and back pain, hypertension, and has also been utilized in the treatment of skin and eczema diseases . Furthermore, its essential oil and fatty oil are used in cosmetics and pharmacy.
Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to the Irano-Turanian Region. Its seeds â?? each one contained within a fruit, which is dried â?? are used in the cuisines of many cultures in both whole and ground form. Although cumin is thought to have uses in traditional medicine, there is no high-quality evidence that it is safe or effective as a therapeutic agent.
The history of the healing properties of sedana dates back to ancient times, as evidenced by the discovery of black sedana seeds in Neolithic and Mesolithic excavations. Nigella was used as a medicinal plant by Hippocrates, Pliny, and Dioscorides. In his book "The Canon of Medicine", Ibn Sina called black cedar "a seed that stimulates the body's energy and helps to recover from depression and fatigue."
Nowadays, the popularity of annual grass Nigella Sativa, or more precisely, its seeds, has increased significantly. This is not surprising, because the healing properties of nigella - sedana have been known since ancient times due to the absence of side effects typical of synthetic drugs and especially antibiotics.
Sesame is a family of annual and perennial herbaceous plants, an oilseed crop. Homeland - Africa. The stem grows upright, gives off 4-6 long lateral branches. Leaves are simple, crowded, solitary or opposite, hairy. The flower is 1-3 in the leaf axil, 5-petaled. The fruit is small, elongated, flat, hairy. There are 20-300 pods in one bush. The pod is 2- or 4-lobed.
Length 3-5 cm. The weight of 1000 seeds is 2-5 g. The color of the seed is light or dark brown, sometimes white and black. Sesame is a heat-loving, light-loving, short-day plant. The seed germinates at 15-16�°�¡. The growing period is 90-110 (120-150) days.
Sesame is one of the most valuable oil crops, its seeds contain 65% oil, 16-19% protein, and 16-17% non-nitrogenous substances. Sesame grows abundantly on fertile, fertile land that has been freed from grain crops. Cultivation is carried out 2-3 times during the growing season, additional feeding is given twice with 40-50 kg of nitrogen per hectare. Water 1-2 times before flowering, 2 times during flowering.
Currently, 3 varieties of sesame are grown in Uzbekistan.
Black prince;
Tashkentsky -122;
Sadaf.
Regions recommended for planting: since 2012, it has been included in the State Register for planting on irrigated lands across the Republic.
The average height of the plant is 120-150 cm. The average vegetation period is 110-120 days. The average weight of 1000 seeds is 2.6-3.0 g, the seeds are black. Resistant to grain spillage.
Average yield: 17.6 s/ha. The amount of fat in the grain is 63%, oxyle is 24%. During the test period, there were no cases of damage by agricultural diseases and insects.
Recommended for planting in all regions of Uzbekistan.
Scientists of the botanical Garden of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan conducted research on the feasibility of cultivation of this plant in our country. The results showed that the saffron fully corresponds to soil and climatic conditions of the republic, can be grown in the mountain and foothill areas of the Fergana Valley, Tashkent, Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya, Navoi and Jizzakh regions, and in inter-rows in vineyards and gardens. In complementary medicine, saffron has long been used for treatment of many diseases. Abu Ali ibn Sino wrote that saffron tincture improves eye vision, the work of the heart and respiratory system.
In the course of scientific research, domestic scientists revealed that climatic conditions of the country allow growing such valuable medicinal plants as Alexandria leaf, valerian medicinal, madder dye, lavender medicinal, erva, rosemary officinalis, and others. The proposals on the establishment of pilot plantations of these plants have already been submitted. They are capable of replacing imports, and are demanded on the external market. The project would trigger the creation of a separate industry in agriculture specializing in the procurement of saffron and other medicinal plants, and thereby the provision of pharmaceutical, perfumery and food industries with domestic raw materials.
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food.
In addition to being a major source of starch and energy, wheat also provides substantial amounts of a number of components which are essential or beneficial for health, notably protein, vitamins (notably B vitamins), dietary fiber, and phytochemicals.
1500 Food By Products Suppliers
Short on time? Let Food By Products sellers contact you.
Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, is a member of the legume, pea, or pulse family, ''Fabaceae. Also called Leguminosae, this family of flowering plants is one of the largest plant families and includes such important plants as beans, peas, peanuts, lupines, alfalfa, clover, and acacia, and many others. As a member of the Faboideae (or Papilionoideae) subfamily, chickpea is characterized by one petal being large and with a crease in it, while the two adjacent petals are on the sides, and the two bottom petals are joined together at the bottom, forming a boat-like structure.
The bushy 60-cm (2-foot) plants bear feathery pinnately compound leaves. The small white or reddish flowers often have distinctive veins in blue or purple and are usually self-pollinated. The yellow-brown or dark green beans are borne one or two to a pod. There are large- and small-seeded varieties.
Maize is commonly known as corn. It is the third largest crop in the world. Yellow maize is one of the most extensively cultivated cereal crops on Earth. This Yellow maize is used in various food industries and other industries. Primarily used for human consumption and animal feed.
Yellow corn is a good source of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin, which are good for eye health and help prevent the lens damage that leads to cataracts. Corn also has smaller amounts of vitamins B, E, and K, along with minerals like magnesium and potassium. When it comes to nutrients, color matters.
Uzbekistan was the former Soviet Union's largest producer of fruits and vegetables. About 15% of the total area is crop land. During the Soviet era, cotton was grown on almost half of all sown land. Cotton is grown in the crescent beginning in the Fergana Valley and extending south along the Tien Shan Mountains to Samarkand and Bokhara, and then west along the Amu Darya River. Rice, wheat, barley, and corn are important grain crops. Rice is produced on 48 specialized state farms, and about 85% of the rice crop comes from the southwestern part of Karakalpakistan and the Khorezm region. In 1999, over 4.3 million tons of cereals were produced. Sesame, tobacco, onions, flax, and various fruits are also grown. Figures released by the agriculture and water ministry suggest that these two northern regions alone were responsible for three-quarters of the 75,500 tonnes of rice Uzbekistan produced in 2003. The economy of Khorezm Region is primarily based on cotton. Cotton is by far the main crop, although rice production has increased significantly in the last several years (though the Uzbek government discourages rice production near to deserts, over water usage concerns). There are also many orchards and vineyards, melon and gourd plantations and potato fields. Khorezm Region is famous for its "gurvak" melon in Uzbekistan. Rice is grown in summer under flood irrigation mostly with winter wheat. The Uzbek Research Institute of Rice (UzRI-Rice) is responsible for rice crop improvement and seed production. The Institute was established in 1971 with the main objectives to conduct basic and applied research on rice and legume crops; to provide basic information and research production problems using multidisciplinary approach; to increase overall rice production and improve grain quality in Uzbekistan thereby raising the living standard of farmers and the development of the nation.
UZB Hs Code : 0713 31 000 1
Mung bean is an annual herbaceous plant. The root system is powerful, consists of a developed tap root with many lateral branches. The stem is erect, slightly branched, stiff-haired, ribbed, 20-150 cm high (in Russia, varieties 30-50 cm high are cultivated). The mung bean stem is herbaceous, sometimes lignified at the base, green, gray-green, maybe with anthocyanin coloration. Stipules glabrous, ovate or broadly ovate, 10 to 18 mm long, unpaired leaf almost triangular. The leaves are large, the first ones are simple, the subsequent ones are trifoliate, pubescent, yellowish-green or dark green in color.
The flowers are bisexual, large, golden, yellow, yellow-green in color. The corolla consists of five petals of a moth-like structure, the flowers are collected in inflorescences of 2-12 flowers each, the peduncles are short, located in the axils of the leaves. The fruit is thin, cylindrical beans with appressed pubescence, without a beak at the end, 6-18 cm long, with 6-15 seeds. Seeds are small, barrel-shaped, tuberculate, smooth, dull, shiny, 3-6 mm long. The color of the seeds is usually dark green, olive or yellow, less often there are varieties with brown, black or dark green with black speckles. Flowering begins from the lower branches.
Mung beans bloom in July-August, the seeds ripen in August-September (vegetation period is 80-100 days; in late-ripening varieties, the ripening period is delayed until October).
The fruit is a multi-seeded, pubescent, narrow bean, 5-20 cm long, cylindrical, brown (light brown) or black in color. The seeds are smooth, with a glossy sheen of the shell, oval in shape, small, yellow, brown or green in color (sometimes speckled).
Mung beans are usually harvested when the beans begin to darken. They are usually harvested by hand at weekly intervals. In newer cultivars, in which the plants ripen evenly, all plants are harvested and dried in the sun before threshing. After the beans have dried, the seeds are removed by beating or trampling.
Almonds have been growing since ancient times on the mountain and foothills of Tashkent, Jizzakh, Samarkand, Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya regions. In addition, to the newly planted almond groves, it also grows wild in natural forests.
Almond varieties are very valuable and are used in many sectors of the economy. It is useful to eat unripe almonds that have not hardened, add sugar or make jam. Sweet-core almonds have 40-70% fat, 20-25% protein, 6% sugar, are rich in various nutrients, organic substances and are a valuable raw material for the confectionery industry. Kunjara contains up to 10% fat and a large amount of protein and carbohydrates. In addition to fat, protein and sugar, almonds contain 2-2.5% amygdalin, which is widely used in the perfumery industry and medicine. Almond peel is used in the preparation of gas-absorbing charcoal, in winemaking to give the wine a fragrant aroma, quality and flavor. Almond husk ash contains up to 40% potassium and is used as a fertilizer. Almond wood is very hard and beautiful, so it is a valuable item in carpentry and machinery.
Almonds are harvested at the age of 3-4 years, and produce highly from 12-18 years to 35-40 years. Properly covered, it will withstand a great deal of adverse conditions for up to 60-100 years. Almond seedlings are planted in autumn or early spring. It does not like thickness because it requires light, and grows well in soils with lime content. The yield of a bush tree ranges from 3-4 kg to 10-20 kg. According to the data, the most productive years were up to 30-40 kg.
In folk medicine, the mixing of sweet almond kernels with sugar is widely used in the treatment of diseases such as shortness of breath, dizziness.
Bitter almonds are not eaten, they are just used in medicine. Sweet almonds are good food.
This type of almond is used against freckles, spot hemorrhage, sunburn. It also treats the wrinkles on face. When sweet almonds are eaten, they make you fat.
Beneficial in earaches and ringing in the ears, especially bitter almond oil and its grind.
If the root of the almond tree is finely chopped and tied with vinegar or rose oil and placed on the forehead, it is beneficial for headaches. Bitter almond oil has a similar effect.
All parts of the nut are used. Walnut kernels are a very tasty and nutritious product, containing 60-70% fat, 11-20% protein, up to 20% carbohydrates and vitamins. Unripe nuts contain 3-5 times more vitamin C than peanuts.
In terms of nutrition, walnuts are superior to bread, meat and close to butter.
Walnuts have long been cultivated in Uzbekistan. The tree is up to 25-30 meters tall, 1.5-2 meters in diameter, the branches are spherical or domed, sparsely branched, the bark of old trees is cracked. The root system is vigorous, growing to a depth of 4 meters, spreading around 10-15 meters. At the base of the trunk and main branches are many dormant buds. Walnut trees are harvested in 8-10 years, grafted ones in 5-6 years. There are also varieties that bear fruit as early as 2 years after transplanting. Walnuts are fertile when they reach the age of 25-35 years and yield 100-150 kg from each tuber, and in some 300-500 kg. However, there is also a stagnation in nuts, which yields more in one year and less in the second. The fruits ripen from late August to early October.
Natural coconut groves in Bostanlyk district of Tashkent region of Uzbekistan are especially valuable. Walnut tree reaches a height of 25-30 m, diameter 1.5-2 m, the branches are spherical or domed, sparsely branched, the root system is vigorous - penetrates to a depth of 4 m, and spreads around 10-15 m.
Walnut kernels, rich in vitamins, which are necessary for the human body, strengthen the memory system, especially the activity of the human brain. Experts recommend that everyone consumes at least one or two nuts a day.
The sultan of medicine, Avicenna, in his book "Laws of Medicine" writes about the properties of walnuts, along with many medicinal plants. According to him, the juice made from the fruit, leaves, bark, core of the walnut tree cures and prevents various diseases. With this feature, walnut kernels are 7 times superior to beef. Walnut kernels contain iron, phosphorus, copper, serotonin, 58-77% fat, 12-25% protein and 5-25% carbohydrates.
Walnut trees bear fruit in 8-10 years, and grafted ones in 5-6 years, but there are also varieties that bear fruit in 2 years after transplanting.
Walnuts are productive when they reach the age of 25-30, with a yield of 100-150 kg from each bush and 300-500 kg from some. The fruits ripen from late August to early October.
UZB Hs Code : 0806 20 100 0 (black)
UZB Hs Code : 0806 20 300 0 (golden)
Dried grapes (raisins) are high in calories because they are very rich (65-80%) in glucose, which is quickly absorbed by the body. Raisins contain 1.5-2% of nitrogenous substances, 1.9-2.2% of ash and are rich in vitamins necessary for the human body. One kilogram of raisins has 2400-3250 calories, which is higher than most dried fruits. Raisins have many healing properties, especially in anemia, improving blood circulation processes. Raisins are mainly produced in the Central Asian Republics, of which more than 80% are grown in Uzbekistan. The quality of raisins depends not only on how well the drying methods or technological processes are carried out, but also on the sugar content of the grapes before drying. The sugar content of grapes harvested for raisins should not be less than 23-25% for raisin varieties and 22-23% for seed grapes. The lower the sugar content of grapes, the less it affects not only the amount of dry product (raisins), but also its quality. For example, if the sugar content of grapes is 1% less than indicated in the condition, 1.5-2.0 quintals less raisins will be obtained from each hectare of vineyard. Dried grapes must be cooked evenly, in addition to being a pure variety. At the same time, diseased, crushed grapes should be cleaned of stalks and heads, as well as impurities. Grapes are used to make two types of dry products, namely kishmish and raisins. Kishmish is made from seedless grapes, raisins from grape seeds. Of the seedless grape varieties, the following are mainly recommended for drying: White, Black, Lunda, Khishrov Kishmish; from seed varieties - Kattakurgan, Kara janjal, Sultani, Kara Kalbak, Rizamat, Shturangur, Alexander muscat and other varieties.
