Small Particles Of Volcanic Rock

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It has extremely high compressive strength and wear resistance, and can resist the erosion of the natural environment and physical effects.

It is not easy to absorb water, has good waterproof performance and is suitable for environments with high humidity.

It has strong chemical corrosion resistance and can remain stable for a long time in harsh environments such as acids and alkalis.

Its raw stone is formed by the condensation of volcanic lava and has obvious functions of absorbing light and blocking heat in an environment with absolute high temperatures.

It has unique natural holes and is the only natural material among all building materials with sound absorption function at present. It is beneficial to the auditory environment and is suitable for stations, subways, high-speed railways, underground projects, and places with high noise such as production workshops, squares, hotels, and villas.

It has a unique "breathing" function, which can regulate air humidity and improve the ecological environment. It is mostly suitable for use around pedestrian streets, squares, flowers, grass and trees, etc.

Fly Ash:

Fly Ash is by product generated during combustion of coal, and comprises the fine particles that rise with the flue gases. Ash which is collected from the bottom is termed bottom ash. Fly ash is collected by electrostatic precipitators or other particle filtration equipment before the flue gases reach the chimneys of coal-fired power plants and together with bottom ash removed from the bottom of the furnace is in this case jointly known as coal ash. Depending upon the type of coal being used, the specification of Fly Ash varies considerably, but Fly Ash contains substantial amounts of silicon dioxide and calcium oxide (CaO), both being endemic ingredients in many coal-bearing rock strata. We are a reputed Fly Ash Exporter based in India and are supplying Fly Ash different cement, ready mix concrete, steel, refractories and construction industries.

The Major Utilization Areas Of Fly Ash :
- Manufacture of Portland Pozzolanic Cement & Performance improver in Ordinary Portland cement (OPC).
- Part replacement of OPC in cement concrete.
- High volume Fly Ash concrete.
- Roller Compacted Concrete used for dam & pavement construction.
- Manufacture of ash bricks and other building products.
- Construction of road embankments, structural fills, low lying area development.
- As a soil amender in agriculture and wasteland development.

Types of Fly Ash:
- According to the type of coal used fly is classified into two types. Anthracite and bituminous coal produces Fly Ash classified as class F. Class C Fly Ash is produced by burning lignite or sub-bituminous coal. Class C Fly Ash has self-cementing properties.

- Class F and Class C Fly Ash are products of the combustion of coal in large power plants. Fly Ash is collected in electrostatic precipitators or baghouses, and then transferred to large silos for shipment. When needed, Fly Ash is classified by precise particle size requirements, thus assuring a uniform, quality product.

- Class F Fly Ash is available in the largest quantities. Class F is generally low in lime, usually under 15 percent, and contains a greater combination of silica, alumina and iron (greater than 70 percent) than Class C Fly Ash.

- Class C Fly Ash normally comes from coals which may produce an ash with higher lime content generally more than 15 percent often as high as 30 percent. Elevated CaO may give Class C unique self-hardening characteristics.

Minimum Order Quantity : 1 container

Ball Clay:

A member of kaolinite family, Ball Clay is renowned for its plasticity and green strength. They consists varying proportions of kaolinite, mica and quartz, with small amounts of organic matter and other minerals, and are commercially values because they increase the workability and strength of various ceramic bodies and have white or near white firing characteristics. Ball clay is processed to minimize the levels of coarse particles. This enhances better workability and higher strength.

Applications :
It forms a major part of many ceramic applications, including sanitary ware, tiles, table wares and to an increasing extent non-ceramic applications like functional fillers and advanced application for example technical ceramics.

Potassium feldspar refers to a number of minerals in the feldspar group, and containing potassium: Orthoclase (endmember formula KAlSi3O8), an important tectosilicate mineral that forms igneous rock. Microcline, chemically the same as orthoclase, but with a different crystalline structure.

Feldspar is used as a flux in ceramic and glass industries. It also adds strength to the body. Feldspar is a rare occurrence of extremely pure mineral free from mica. The chief use of Feldspar is in the Ceramic and Glass Industries. In ceramic bodies, the main vitrifying (fluxing) agent is feldspar.

Application Industries:
Ceramics, Tiles and Sanitaryware
Glazes
Glass Industry
Bonding agent for abrasives, wheels, discs, and other shapes.
Dental ceramics.

Product Variants:
Granular Particles
Powder form (100-350 Mess BSS)
Lumps (Dressed ore in raw form)

Packing: The standard packing units are 50 kg HDPE Bags, 1000 Kg, and 1350 Kg jumbo bags. However, we can also make the packing units as per customer requirements.

China clay is characterized by its fine particle size, high brightness and rheology.We develop fine and ultra fine grades of Hydrous Kaolin from our best reserves, for various industries including Paint, Paper, Printing Inks, Paper board, Rubber etc. China clay is a natural mineral found in partly decompo-sed granite, an igneous feldsparic rock. Chemically, kaolin is a hydrated aluminium silicate containing Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O. Kaolin was first discovered in the mountainous province of Kiangsi, China in A.D. 500. The word kaolin derives from the Chinese character kaolin which means high ridge. It was first used by the Chinese to make high quality porcelain.

China clay is characterized by its fine particle size, high brightness and rheology. We develop fine and ultra fine grades of Hydrous Kaolin from our best reserves, for various industries including Paint, Paper, Printing Inks, Paper board, Rubber etc. China clay is a natural mineral found in partly decompo-sed granite, an igneous feldsparic rock. Chemically, kaolin is a hydrated aluminium silicate containing Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O. Kaolin was first discovered in the mountainous province of Kiangsi, China in A.D. 500. The word kaolin derives from the Chinese character kaolin which means high ridge. It was first used by the Chinese to make high quality porcelain.

Product Specifications
PARAMETERS PI 96(noodles) PI 95(M) PI 94 PI 92 PI 90 1RL
RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%)
Loss of Ignition 13.56 13.81 14.82 13.31 13.190 10.850
Silica as SiO2 45.85 48.10 47.57 45.90 46.400 51.620
Iron as Fe2O3 0.29 0.30 0.35 0.536 0.300 1.530
Alumina as AI2O3 38.99 35.43 35.48 38.70 38.190 33.770
Potassium as K2O 0.047 0.20 0.035 0.067 0.083 0.210
Sodium as Na2O 0.048 0.24 0.051 0.0396 0.100 0.1400
Calcium as caO Trace 0.31 0.15 Trace Trace Trace
Magnesium as MgO 0.097 0.32 0.107 0.109 0.170 0.290
Titanium as TiO2 0.85 1.28 1.180 1.100 1.290 1.32
Firing Whiteness 92.00 87.59 89.20 89.90 81.60 63.00
L Value 95.89 94.54 95.33 94.83 93.07 87.71
A Value 0.40 1.23 0.56 0.65 0.72 1.72
B Value 3.39 3.00 3.78 3.30 5.90 11.70
Firing Colour Snow White Creamish White White Creamish Pinkish
Shrinkage 5.80 4.75 5.80 5.20 7.56 9.00
Firied Temperature C 1220 1220 1220 1220 1220 1220
Residue On 325# 0.34 0.25 0.36 0.24 0.88 1.08
Water Of Plasticity 36.00 34.00 38.00 41.00 46.0 41
Water Absorption 15.56 14.30 15.42 19.24 17.09 15.81
Dry M.O.R Kg/cm2 15.00 24.31 10.00 12.00 10.00 10.00
Fired M.O.R Kg/cm3 120.00 237.66 140.00 140.00 145.00 110.00

Hydrous Kaolin is characterized by its fine particle size, high brightness and rheology. We develop fine and ultra fine grades of Hydrous Kaolin from our best reserves, for various industries including Paint, Paper, Printing Inks, Paper board, Rubber, etc.

Kaolin or china clay is a natural mineral found in partly decompo-sed granite, an igneous feldsparic rock. Chemically, kaolin is a hydrated aluminium silicate containing Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O. Kaolin was first discovered in the mountainous province of Kiangsi, China in A.D. 500. The word â??kaolinâ?? derives from the Chinese character â??kaolinâ?? which means high ridge. It was first used by the Chinese to make high quality porcelain. At PURESIL INDIA, processed or refined kaolin is available in white powder form, granule cum powder form, and in lumps form. The various grades and their applications are:

Product Specifications
PARAMETERS PI â?? 96(noodles) PI â?? 95(M) PI â?? 94 PI â?? 92 PI â?? 90 1RL
RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%) RESULT (%)
Loss of Ignition 13.56 13.81 14.82 13.31 13.190 10.850
Silica as SiO2 45.85 48.10 47.57 45.90 46.400 51.620
Iron as Fe2O3 0.29 0.30 0.35 0.536 0.300 1.530
Alumina as AI2O3 38.99 35.43 35.48 38.70 38.190 33.770
Potassium as K2O 0.047 0.20 0.035 0.067 0.083 0.210
Sodium as Na2O 0.048 0.24 0.051 0.0396 0.100 0.1400
Calcium as caO Trace 0.31 0.15 Trace Trace Trace
Magnesium as MgO 0.097 0.32 0.107 0.109 0.170 0.290
Titanium as TiO2 0.85 1.28 1.180 1.100 1.290 1.32
Firing Whiteness 92.00 87.59 89.20 89.90 81.60 63.00
L â?? Value 95.89 94.54 95.33 94.83 93.07 87.71
A â?? Value 0.40 1.23 0.56 0.65 0.72 1.72
B â?? Value 3.39 3.00 3.78 3.30 5.90 11.70
Firing Colour Snow White Creamish White White Creamish Pinkish
Shrinkage 5.80 4.75 5.80 5.20 7.56 9.00
Firied Temperature �°C 1220 1220 1220 1220 1220 1220
Residue On 325# 0.34 0.25 0.36 0.24 0.88 1.08
Water Of Plasticity 36.00 34.00 38.00 41.00 46.0 41
Water Absorption 15.56 14.30 15.42 19.24 17.09 15.81
Dry M.O.R Kg/cm2 15.00 24.31 10.00 12.00 10.00 10.00
Fired M.O.R Kg/cm3 120.00 237.66 140.00 140.00 145.00 110.00

Copper ore is a naturally occurring mineral rock that contains copper in varying concentrations. It's extracted from the earth through mining and then processed to produce copper concentrate, which is further refined to produce pure copper.

## Types of Copper Ore
1. Sulfide ores: These ores contain copper in the form of sulfide minerals, such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), bornite (Cu5FeS4), and chalcocite (Cu2S).
2. Oxide ores: These ores contain copper in the form of oxide minerals, such as cuprite (Cu2O), tenorite (CuO), and malachite (Cu2CO3(OH)2).
3. Native copper: This type of ore contains copper in its native form, often found in quartz veins or other igneous rocks.

## Copper Ore Deposits
1. Porphpyry copper deposits: These deposits are formed through magmatic-hydrothermal processes and are characterized by large, low-grade copper deposits.
2. Volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits: These deposits are formed through volcanic activity and are characterized by high-grade copper deposits.
3. Sedimentary copper deposits: These deposits are formed through sedimentary processes and are characterized by low-grade copper deposits.

## Major Copper-Producing Countries
1. Chile: The world's largest copper producer, accounting for approximately 30% of global production.
2. Peru: The second-largest copper producer in South America.
3. Australia: A significant copper producer, with major mines in Western Australia.
4. United States: Copper is mined in several states, including Arizona, Utah, and Montana.
5. China: A major copper producer and consumer, with significant mining and smelting operations.
Uses of Copper Ore
1. Copper production: Copper ore is processed to produce copper concentrate, which is then refined to produce pure copper.
2. Electrical applications: Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, making it a crucial material for electrical wiring, circuits, and electronic devices.
3. Construction and architecture: Copper is used in building construction, including roofing, plumbing, and electrical systems.
4. Industrial machinery and equipment: Copper is used in the production of various industrial machinery and equipment, including motors, generators, and transformers.

Kaolinite is the mineral that is derived from the rock called â??Kaolinâ?? and from there, it gets its name. It is also commonly known as â??China Clayâ??. Kaolin is mined from the regions of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Kerala, West Bengal and Jharkhand in India

The physical properties of Kaolin include high brightness, non-abrasiveness, poor conductivity of heat and electricity and it has naturally fine particles. Kaolin remains white after calcination due to its refractory properties and can be easily dispersed in water. There are several variations within Kaolin such as Hydrous Kaolin, Metakaolin and Calcined Kaolin.
We offer a vast range of Kaolin-based minerals to several businesses from paper manufacturing to porcelain tableware, paints, cosmetics, packaging, rubber and pharmaceuticals to name a few. We customize our minerals according to the needs of the industry of our clients.
Hydrous Kaolin has fine particles with plate-like shapes and inertness in terms of chemical reactivity, whereas, Metakaolin is created by the process of calcination of Kaolin. It is a white mineral additive which is most popularly used in cement-based products. In contrast to this, Calcined Kaolin is manufactured by heating the finest natural kaolin to high temperatures in a kiln. This calcination process changes the size and shape of the particles, enhances the whiteness and hardness of the mineral and improves its electrical conductivity.
Kaolinite is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition
Alâ??Siâ??Oâ??(OH)â??
Various Industrial Usages:
Kaolin is a very important mineral in the ceramics industry. Itâ??s high fusion temperature and white firing characteristic makes it perfect to be used in the manufacture of sanitaryware, tableware, floors & tiles and refractories.

In the construction industry, kaolin is used to enhance the mechanical properties, porosity and look of several types of cement and concrete. It is also an impeccable source of alumina source in the manufacturing of fiberglass.

Kaolin is used in paper manufacturing and fiber-based packaging also. Our Kaolin mineral enhances surface functionality when it is used as fillers or coating pigments and thus further helping in reducing the manufacturing cost of the paper or the packaging.

Moreover, it is extensively used in decorative paints formulations as it is a natural opacifier and it is the perfect mineral when high gloss is required.

Our specialized Kaolin also can be used as multi-purpose fillers to improve the performance of adhesives, plastics and rubber.

We are extremely confident in our offering of Kaolin mineral as we understand how Kaolin can optimize the performance, reduce the costs and can achieve minimum carbon footprint in our clientâ??s end products